Bepopular( popular受…欢迎英文怎么说)

发布日期:2024-05-11 22:18:44     手机:https://m.xinb2b.cn/baike/news7379.html    违规举报
核心提示:Bepopular( popular受…欢迎英文怎么说)一、介词的定义:介词为虚词,是一种用来表示词与词或者词与句之间的关系的词,在句中不能单独作句成分。介词一定要有宾语,构成介词短语(即介宾结构),才能充当句子成分。充当宾语的一般有名词、

Bepopular( popular受…欢迎英文怎么说)

Bepopular( popular受…欢迎英文怎么说)

一、介词的定义:

介词为虚词,是一种用来表示词与词或者词与句之间的关系的词,在句中不能单独作句成分。介词一定要有宾语,构成介词短语(即介宾结构),才能充当句子成分。充当宾语的一般有名词、相当于名词的其它词、代词、形容词、短语或句子、短语或从句等,介词短语在句中常作定语、状语、表语和补足语。

二、介词的分类:

词 类

例 词



简 单 介 词

普 通 介 词

at, in , of, with, before, about, after

合 成 介 词

into, within, without, inside, outside


分 词 介 词

including, considering


双 重 介 词

since before, after, from behind


短 语 介 词

because of , in front of, according to



词 类

例 词

时 间 介 词

at, on, before, after, from

方 位 介 词

on, in, at, behind, over, above, under, below

动 向 介 词

to, into, up, down, through, along

方 式 介 词

by, on, with

原 因 介 词

for, from, of, with

英语介词可分为3类:

   1. 时间介词,如:at, on, in, during, over, from, for, until等。

   2. 地点介词,如:at, on, in, across, to, over, between, inside, outside等。

   3. 其它介词,如:by, with, about, except, instead of, due to, apart from等。

注意:

介词 -- 一个从不独立出现的词
  英语介词不可单独使用,只能与不同的词类构成介词短语来在句子中担当一个成分。
常用的五种介词短语
  1.介词+名词:at the door, into the bag
  2.介词+代词: for me, of others
  3.介词+动名词: in doing so, to my saying that
  4.介词+连接副词/连接代词/what从句:over what he had better do
  5.介词+连接副词/连接代词+不定式:on how to do this
其他类型的介词短语
  6.介词+介词短语:from across the street, until after dinner
  7.介词+副词:from below
  8.介词+复合结构:with the light on

英语经常用介词来表示词与词之间的关系

1. 时间
  1)at表示在某一时间点: at 3 o’clock
  2)in表示在某一时间段内的某一或某些点: in 2004
   in表示在某段时间的结束点:I’ll see you again in a week.
  3) during表示某一时间段内自始至终:during the first period
  4) on表示在某一day/date或其中的某一段:on Monday, on Sunday morning
  5) by表示不迟于某个时间:by now
2. 地点
  1)at表示在某处(而非它处):at school
  2) in表示在内部或某个范围内:in the office
  3) on表示在上面与某平面接触:on the table
  4) outside表示在某个范围之外:outside world
  5) under表示在比某个位置低的地方或在某表面之下:under a chair
  6) by表示靠近或接近:by the window
3. 原因
  1)because of表示因为或以…为理由:because of my father
  2) for表示动作或活动的目的、目标或意图:for sale

3) out of表示起源、来源或原因:out of duty
4. 方式
  1)with表示以…方式:with skill
  2)in表示以某种方式: in French, in cash, in this way
5. 方法
  1) by表示方法、手段: by the back road, by bus, by working hard
  2) on表示运送方式:on a train, on foot
  3) in表示途径或材料:in oils


三、介词的作用

1.作定语:The key to the door is missing. 门上的钥匙丢了。

【注意】介词短语作定语总是放在它所修饰的名词后面。

2.作状语:Marx stayed in Belgium for some time and then went to France.

马克思在比利时带了一段时间,然后去了法国。

3.作表语:Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东面。

I always find her at her studies. 我经常发现她在学习。

4.作宾语补足语:Make yourself at home. 别拘谨。

5.作介词宾语:I saw her from across the street. 我从街对面望见了她。

四、英语常用介词用法与辨析:

■ 表示方位的介词:in, to, on

1. in 表示在某地范围之内。如:

Shanghai is/lies in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。

2. to 表示在某地范围之外。如:

Japan is/lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。

3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。如:

Mongolia is/lies on the north of China. 蒙古国位于中国北边。

■ 表示计量的介词:at, for, by

1. at表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。如:

It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour. 它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。

I sold my car at a high price. 我以高价出售了我的汽车。

2. for表示“用……交换,以……为代价”。如:

He sold his car for 500 dollars. 他以五百元把车卖了。

【注意】at表示单价(price) ,for表示总钱数。  

3. by表示“以……计”,后跟度量单位。如:

They paid him by the month. 他们按月给他计酬。

Here eggs are sold by weight. 在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。

■ 表示材料的介词:of, from, in

1. of成品仍可看出原料。如:

This box is made of paper. 这个盒子是纸做的。

2. from成品已看不出原料。如:

Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。

3. in表示用某种材料或语言。如:

Please fill in the form in pencil first. 请先用铅笔填写这个表格。

They talk in English. 他们用英语交谈。

【注意】in指用材料,不用冠词;而with指用工具,要用冠词。请比较:draw in pencil/draw with a pencil。

■ 表示工具或手段的介词:by, with, on

1. by用某种方式,多用于交通。如by bus乘公共汽车,by e-mail. 通过电子邮件。

【注意】表示搭乘交通工具时,用by时不用冠词,用in时要用冠词。请比较:

I went there by bus/in a bus. 我是坐公共汽车去的那儿。?

2. with表示“用某种工具”。如:

He broke the window with a stone. 他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。

【注意】with表示用某种工具时,必须用冠词或物主代词。

3. on表示“以……方式”,多用于固定词组。

They talked on the telephone. 他们通过电话进行交谈。

She learns English on the radio/on TV. 她通过收音机/电视学英语。

■ 表示关于的介词:of, about, on

1. of 仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事,常与动词know、hear、learn(听说)、speak、talk、think、tell等连用。如:

He spoke of the film the other day. 他前几天提到了这部影片。

He thought about this matter yesterday. 他昨天考虑了这件事。

2. about指“关于”某人或某事物的较详细的情况。如:

Can you tell me something about yourself 你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗

3. on指“关于”学术性的或严肃的事。如:

It’s a textbook on the history of china. 它是一本有关中国历史的教科书。

■ 表原因或理由的介词:for, at, from, of, with, by, because of

1. for表示原因,常与sorry, famous, punish, praise, thank, blame等词连用。如:

I am sorry for what I said to you. 我后悔不该对你讲那些话。

2. at 指情感变化的原因,意为“因听到或看到而……”。如:

He was surprised at the news. 听到这消息他大吃一惊。

3. from指“外在的原因”,如受伤、车祸等。如:

He died from the wound. 他因受伤而致死。

4. of指“内在的原因”,如病、饿等。如:

The old man died of hunger. 老人死于饥饿。

5. with指生理上或情感上的由外界到内心的原因。如:

Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 他们听到这个消息,欣喜若狂。

He was shaking with anger. 他气得浑身发抖。

6. by表示外部的,尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因。

Her body was bent by age. 他因年老背弯了。

She took your umbrella by mistake. 我因弄错拿了你的雨伞。

7. because of 表示引起结果的直接原因。如:

He retired last month because of illness/because he ill.

8. owing to多表示引起某不良后果的原因。如:

Owing to the rain they could not come. 由于下雨他们没来。

9. thanks to表示引起某种幸运结果的原因,常译为“幸亏……,多亏……”。如:

Thanks to John, we won the game. 多亏约翰,我们才赢了这场比赛。

10. out of表示动机的起因,常译为“出于……”。如:

He asked the question out of curiosity. 他出于好奇才问了那个问题。

11. through多表示因局部而影响全局的原因。如:

The war was lost through bad organization. 战争因组织不周而失败了。

■ 表示好像或当作的介词:like, as

1. like表示“像……一样”,其实不是。如:

Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud. 彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪。

2. as表示“作为,以……身份”,其实也是。如:

He talked to me as a father. 他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。

【注意】as作连词时,可表示“好像……”。如:The work is not so difficult as you imagin这工作不像你想像的那么困难。

■ 表示支持或反对的介词:against, for。against反对,for支持,互为反义词。如:

Are you for my idea or against it 你赞同还是反对我的想法

■ 表示除某人某物外的介词:except, except for, except that, but, besides, beside

except“除……之外”,指不包括……,后面常接名词、代词(人称代词常用宾格),还可接介词短语、副词和动词不定式,此时相当于but,但不定式常不带to。

except for“除了,只有”,意思和except一样,主要指说明基本情况后,而在细节上加以修正,后面常接名词性短语。

except that“除了,只是”,意思和except、except for一样。但在用法上,主要指其后常接名词性从句,也可接when、where等词引导的其它从句。

but所含“除……外”的意思不如except明确。but多用在代词(主要是不定代词、否定代词和疑问代词)之后。

besides表示“除……外还有”,所排除的事物常包括在所述范围之内。另外,besides可用作副词,相当于also,有“而且,加之,何况”之意。

beside也是介词,表示“在附近”,只不过形似besides,容易相互混淆。

【对比】如果在区别前后有同类的词语时,就用except,否则就用except for。如:

This book has no blunder except a few mistakes.

This book is interesting except for a few mistakes.(前面无同类词语)

Every one of us, except him, went to see the exhibition.

【注意】(A) except通常与表示全体的all, every连用;若与other连用,只能用besides。如:He had other people to take care of besides me. 除我之外,他还要照顾别人。

(B) except是排除同类;而except for是排除非同类,常在说明基本情况后,从细节上加上修正。如:

The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了几处拼写错误之外,这篇作文整体还是不错的。(作文与拼写错误是非同类的)

但except for也可代替except,特别是在句首时,因为except是不能用于句首的。如:

Except George, you can all go. 除乔治外,你们都可以去。

五、易错、常考的介词及搭配

1.be made of,be made up of,be made from,be made into,be made in

2.call on sb. = visit,call at sp.,call for sb. = go and pick up

【注意】drop by on sb.,drop by at. sp.

3.on business(出差)/strike(罢工)/duty(值日)
/holiday/fire/vacation/watch(警戒)/sale(出售)/leave(请假)/guard(警戒)

4.have some trouble / difficulty/a problem (in) doing sth.,have a habit / idea / plan of doing sth.

【注意】一些短语中介词in省略的情况。

5.A is pleased to B,B is pleased with A(对……感到满意)

6.be tired of,be tired from

7.with the help of,under the leadership of

8.by means of(使用),by way of(经由),by heart(记住),by the way

9.out of question(毫无疑问),out of the question(毫不可能)

10.prevent/stop/keep/ban/forbid/prohibit sb. from doing sth.

11.be thankful to sb. for sth./thank sb. for sth./forgive sb. for sth./applogy to sb. for sth.

12.steal sth. from sb.,rob sb. of sth.

13.insist on doing sth.,persist in doing sth.,stick to,go on doing sth.

14.set about doing sth.,set out to do sth.

15.look sb. in the face,hit sb. on the face,lead the cow by the nose

16.do a favour for sb. = do sb. a favour,do harm/good to sb.

17.tell A from B,distinguish A from B,

18.separate A from B,divide A into B

19.above all(首先),after all(毕竟),at all(根本,在任何情况下),in all(总共,总而言之),for all尽管,虽然

20.day after day(不变),year after year,one after one,one after another

【注意】day by day(变化)

21.at peace(和平),at war(战争),at dinner

22.by oneself,on one’s own独自地,of one’s own自己的

23.by all means(尽一切办法、务必),

24.by chance,by accident偶然地,碰巧地

25.by no means(决不、并没有),in no sense,in no case,in/under no circumstances,at no time,on no account/not on any count,in no way

26.by means of(用、依靠),by the way顺便问一下,in the way of以……方式,in this manner以这种方式,with this method以这种方式

27.in her teens(十几岁),in pain,in danger/at risk,in trouble,in need

28.to one’s joy/sorrow/surprise/disappointment/delight/astonishment

29.with care(仔细地),with joy / pleasure(高兴地),with one’s help,with the best wishes(致以我们良好的祝愿)

30.without difficulty(毫不困难地),without exception(毫不例外),without delay(立即、马上)

31.according to(依据),due to,owing to,thanks to,because of

32.along with(和……一起),together with,with,as well as,

33.as to(至于……),as for,as of,as well,as if/though,as well as,as long as,as far as,as soon as,as…as possible

34.except for(除……之外),except that,except,besides,beside

35.instead of(代替),instead

36.out of order(不正常),out of date,out of trouble(脱离困境),out of sight,out of debt(还清了债务),out of touch(没有联系),out of control

37.at the bottom of,at the centre of,at the end of,at the top of,in the middle of

38.at the cost of(以……为代价),at the sight of,at the thought of,at a speed/rate of

39.in memory of(纪念),in favor of(同意),in the habit of(有……习惯),in touch with (与…… 保持联系)

40.at times(有时,间或,时常),at all times(随时,总是),at any time(在任何时候),at a time(每次,一次),at one time(曾经,一度),at no time(在任何时候都不,绝不)

41.in any case(无论如何,不管怎样),in no case(无论如何不,决不),in case(以防,假使)

42.by all means(尽一切办法),by any means(无论如何),by no means(决不)

43.in all senses(从任何意义上说),in a/one sense(从某种意义上说),in every means(从各种意义上说),in no means(绝不)

44.be afraid of 担心 be afraid for替……而担心

45.be angry about / at sth. 因……而生气 be angry with sb. 对……某人发怒

46.be anxious for sth.渴望 be anxious about sth. / sb.担心

47.be different from 与……不同 be indifferent to 对……不关心

48.be good at … 擅长 be good for …对……有益 be good of sb. to do sth.友好

49.be strict with sb. 对……严格 be strict in sth.

50.be popular with sb. 受到……欢迎 be popular in some place流行在…… be popular for因……而流行

51.be pleased with + n.或what从句,be pleased at +抽象名词 听、看到而高兴

52.be disappointed at sth.,be disappointed with sb. 对……失望

53.be known to sb.,be known with + n.或从句,be known for因……而着名

54.be absent from缺席,be present at 出席

55.be devoted to doing sth. 献身于……,devote oneself to doing sth.

56.be open to… 对……开放,be close to,be near (to)

57.be good/clever/expert at …

58.be poor/rich/abundant in

59.be sorry for… 替/为……后悔,show sympathy/respect for

60.be proud of,take pride in,take delight in

61.be satisfied with/ be content with/be contented with

62.be sure of/about…,be certain of

63.be fond of,be fit for

64.be late for,be ready for

65.be similar to…,be wrong with…

六、吊尾介词

1)某些形容词后接不及物动词或“V+介”型短语动词的不定式形式表“反射”,常用吊尾介词。

A) fit, easy, hard, good, difficult, comfortable, heavy等形容后,常用吊尾介词。 The girl is easy to get along with.

B) be worth doing, be worthy of being done, be worthy to be done, want / require / need doing表反射,常用吊尾介词。

The problem is worth dealing with.

The book is worthy of being referred to.

2)不及物动词的不定式修饰表“涉及对象、场所、工具、手段、方式、材料等”意义的名词时常带吊尾介词。

There is nothing for us to worry about.

3)定语从句中,先行词被一个不及物动词所修饰,则不及物动词后要带介词,先行词被“V+介”组成的短语动词所修饰,介词常在句尾。

He is the very man I just spoke to. This is the life he is used to.

4)以what,whose,who,whatever等引导的宾语从句、表语从句中常出现“吊尾介词”。

I don’t know what you do it for.

七、双重介词

双重介词是两个介词的重叠使用,表达两个介词共有的更精确更明了的含义,从表达意义的角度分析,双重介词用在一个介词难以全面表达含义的场合,或者是需要从两个角度来描述其具体意义的场合,一般地,前一个介词意义含糊,后一个介词比较具体或从另一个角度对前者进行补充完善。

New shoots will come up from round roots.新芽从旧根周围长出。

(from和round同属地点位置范畴,但一个介词均不足以全面表意。)

He won’t come back until after sunset.到太阳落山之后他才回来。

(until与after同属时间范畴。)

He has traveled everywhere except in Japan.

Water began to flow out instead of into the 


 
 
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